2018高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）
2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）
第一部分 听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来冋答有关小题和阅读下一小题． 每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt？A.£19.15.B. £9.18. C £9.15.答案是C。
1．（1.50分）What will James do tomorrow？
A．Watch a TV program．
B． Give a talk．
C． Write a report．
2．（1.50分）What can we say about the woman？
A． She's generous．
B． She's curious．
C． She's helpful．
3．（1.50分）When does the train leave？
A．At 6：30．
B．At 8：30．
C．At 10：30．
4．（1.50分）How does the woman go to work？
A．By car．
B．On foot．
C．By bike．
5．（1.50分）What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A．Classmates．
B． Teacher and student．
C． Doctor and patient．
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出最佳选项．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．毎段对话或独白读两遍．
6．（3.00分）听第6段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）What does the woman regret？
A．Giving up her research．
B．Dropping out of college．
C．Changing her major．
（2）What is the woman interested in studying now？
A．Ecology．
B． Education．
C． Chemistry．
7．（3.00分）听第7段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）What is the man？
A． A hotel manager．
B． A tour guide．
C． A taxi driver．
（2）What is the man doing for the woman？
A．Looking for some local foods．
B．Showing her around the seaside．
C．Offering information about a hotel．
8．（4.50分）听第8段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）Where does the conversation probably take place？
A． In an office．
B． At home．
C． At a restaurant．
（2）What will the speakers do tomorrow evening？
A． Go to a concert．
B． Visit a friend．
C． Work extra hours．
（3）Who is Alice going to call？
A．Mike．
B．Joan．
C．Catherine．
9．（6.00分）听第9段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）Why does the woman meet the man？
A．To look at an apartment．
B．To deliver some furniture．
C．To have a meal together．
（2）What does the woman like about the carpet？
A． Its color．
B． Its design．
C． Its quality．
（3）What does the man say about the kitchen？
A． It's a good size．
B． It's newly painted．
C． It's adequately equipped．
（4）What will the woman probably do next？
A． Go downtown．
B． Talk with her friend．
C． Make payment．
10．（6.00分）听第10段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）Who is the speaker probably talking to？
A．Movie fans．
B．News reporters．
C．College students．
（2）When did the speaker take English classes？
A．Before he left his hometown．
B．After he came to America．
C．When he was 15 years old．
（3）How does the speaker feel about his teacher？
A． He's proud．
B． He's sympathetic．
C． He's grateful．
（4）What does the speaker mainly talk about？
A．How education shaped his life．
B．How his language skills improved．
C．How he managed his business well．
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
11．（6.00分）
A
Washington， D．C． Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world﹣famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington， D．C． Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom． Reserve your spot before availability ﹣ and the cherry blossoms ﹣ disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （4 miles）
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington， D．C． Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop． Guided tour includes bike， helmet，cookies and bottled water．
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．
Duration： 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon， this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C． newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington， D．C． in a healthy way with minimum effort． Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress， memorials， and parks． Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路线） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （7 miles）
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington， D C． Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall． Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history． Tour includes bike， helmet， and bottled water． All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．
（1）Which tour do you need to book in advance？
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．
（2）What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？
A． Meet famous people．
B． Go to a national park．
C．Visit well﹣known museums．
D． Enjoy interesting stories．
（3）Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？
A． City maps．
B． Cameras．
C． Meals．
D． Safety lights．
12．（8.00分）
B
Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning， but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role ﹣ showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget．
In Save Money： Good Food， she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste， while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day． And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home， preparing meals for sons， Sam， 14， Finn， 13， and Jack， 11．
"We love Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，'' she explains， "I pay £5 for a portion（一份），but Matt makes them for 26p a portion， because they are flour， water， sugar and oil． Everybody can buy takeaway food， but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves．"
The eight﹣part series （系列节目）， Save Money： Good Food， follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money：Good Health， which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market．
With food our biggest weekly household expense． Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week． In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget． The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes．
（1）What do we know about Susanna Reid？
A．She enjoys embarrassing her guests．
B．She has started a new programme．
C．She dislikes working early in the morning．
D．She has had a tight budget for her family．
（2）How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna？
A． He buys cooking materials for her．
B． He prepares food for her kids．
C． He assists her in cooking matters．
D． He invites guest families for her．
（3）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？
A． Summarize the previous paragraphs．
B． Provide some advice for the readers．
C． Add some background information．
D． Introduce a new topic for discussion．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A． Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B． Balancing Our Daily Diet
C． Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D． Cooking Well for Less
13．（8.00分）
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years， but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going． When the world was still populated by hunter﹣gatherers， small， tightly knit （联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other． Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago， when the world had just five to ten million people， they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them．
Soon afterwards， many of those people started settling down to become farmers， and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number． In recent centuries， trade， industrialisation， the development of the nation﹣state and the spread of universal compulsory education， especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades， all have caused many languages to disappear， and dominant languages such as English， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over．
At present， the world has about 6，800 languages． The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven． The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages， often spoken by many people， while hot， wet zones have lots， often spoken by small numbers． Europe has only around 200 languages； the Americas about 1，000； Africa 2，400； and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200， of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800． The median number （中位数）of speakers is a mere 6，000， which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that．
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction （消亡）， with only a few elderly speakers left． Pick， at random， Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers）， Chiapaneco in Mexico （150）， Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia （one， with a question﹣mark）： none of these seems to have much chance of survival．
（1）What can we infer about languages in hunter﹣gatherer times？
A． They developed very fast．
B． They were large in number．
C． They had similar patterns．
D． They were closely connected．
（2）Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？
A．Complex．
B．Advanced．
C． Powerful．
D． Modern．
（3）How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？
A． About 6，800．
B． About 3，400．
C． About 2，400．
D．About 1，200．
（4）What is the main idea of the text？
A． New languages will be created．
B． People's lifestyles are reflected in languages．
C． Human development results in fewer languages．
D． Geography determines language evolution．
14．（8.00分）
D
We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new， but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （装置） well after they go out of style． That's bad news for the environment ﹣ and our wallets ﹣ as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things．
To figure out how much power these devices are using， Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life ﹣ from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device． This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s． Devices were grouped by generation． Desktop computers， basic mobile phones， and box﹣set TVs defined 1992． Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997． And MP3 players， smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002， before tablets and e﹣readers showed up in 2007．
As we accumulated more devices， however， we didn't throw out our old ones． "The living﹣room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room， and suddenly one day， you have a TV in every room of the house，" said one researcher． The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007． We're not just keeping these old devices﹣ we continue to use them． According to the analysis of Babbitt's team， old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window．
So what's the solution（解决方案）？The team's data only went up to 2007， but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function， such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing． They found that more on﹣demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%．
（1）What does the author think of new devices？
A． They are environment﹣friendly．
B． They are no better than the old．
C． They cost more to use at home．
D． They go out of style quickly．
（2）Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research？
A．To reduce the cost of minerals．
B．To test the life cycle of a product．
C．To update consumers on new technology．
D． To find out electricity consumption of the devices．
（3）Which of the following uses the least energy？
A． The box﹣set TV． B． The tablet．C． The LCD TV． D． The desktop computer．
（4）What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？
A． Stop using them．
B． Take them apart．
C． Upgrade them．
D． Recycle them．
第二节（毎小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．（10.00分）Color is fundamental in home design﹣something you'll always have in every room． A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in． Do you want a room that's full of life？ Professional？ Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？ （1） ， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel．
Over the years， there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point．（2） ，they can get a little complex． But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home： the small ones， the medium ones， and the large ones．
（3） ． They're the little spots of color like throw pillows， mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms． Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa， small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable．
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas， dinner tables or bookshelves． （4） ． They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space．
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls， ceilings， and floors． Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint， the time， effort and relative expense put into it are significant． （5） ．
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimentmg with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E． It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F． So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time
G． Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
16．（30.00分）During my second year at the city college， I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course， called Thinking Chess， for three credits．I （1） the idea of taking the class because，after all，who doesn't want to （2） a few dollars？ More than that，I'd always wanted to learn chess． And，even if I weren't （3） enough about free credits，news about our （4） was appealing enough to me． He was an international grandmaster， which （5） I would be learning from one of the game's（6） ． I could hardly wait to （7） him．
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach， and this （8） was no game for him；he meant business． In his introduction， he made it （9） that our credits would be hard﹣earned． In order to（10） the class， among other criteria， we had to write a paper on how we plan to（11） what we would learn in class to our future professions and，（12） ，to our lives． I managed to get an A in that （13） and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the（14） ．
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley， I'm still putting to use what he （15） me： "The absolute most important （16） that you learn when you play chess is how to make good （17） ． On every single move you have to （18） a situation，process what your opponent （对手）is doing and （19） the best move from among all your options．" These words still ring true today in my （20） as a journalist．
（1）A． put forward
B． jumped at
C． tried out
D． turned down
（2）A． waste
B． earn
C．save
D． pay
（3）A． excited
B． worried
C． moved
D． tired
（4）A． title
B． competitor
C． textbook
D． instructor
（5）A． urged
B． demanded
C． held
D． meant
（6）A． fastest
B． easiest
C． best
D． rarest
（7）A． interview
B． meet
C． challenge
D． beat
（8）A． chance
B． qualification
C．honor
D． job
（9）A． real
B．perfect
C． clear
D． possible
（10）A． attend
B． pass
C．skip
D．observe
（11）A． add
B．expose
C． apply
D． compare
（12）A． eventually
B． naturally
C． directly
D． normally
（13）A． game
B． presentation
C． course
D． experiment
（14）A． criterion
B． classroom
C． department
D． situation
（15）A． taught
B．wrote
C．questioned
D．promised
（16）A． fact
B．step
C．manner
D． skill
（17）A． grades
B． decisions
C． impressions
D． comments
（18）A． analyze
B． describe
C． rebuild
D． control
（19）A． announce
B． signal
C． block
D． evaluate
（20）A． role
B． desire
C． concern
D． behavior
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
17．（15.00分）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal， runners live three years （1） （long） than non﹣runners． You don't have to run fast or for long （2） （see） the benefit． You may drink， smoke， be overweight and still reduce your risk of （3） （die） early by running．
While running regularly can't make you live forever ，the review says it （4） （be） more effective at lengthening life （5） walking， cycling or swimming． Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014（6） showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all（7） （cause）．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do． But otherwise …it's probably running． To avoid knee pain， you can run on soft surfaces， do exercises to （8） （strength） your leg muscles （肌肉）， avoid hills and get good running shoes． Running is cheap， easy and it's always （9） （energy）． If you are time poor， you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports， so perhaps we should all give （10） a try．
第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
18．（10.00分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你的同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：
1．毎处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改10处．多者（从第11处起）不计分．
During my last winter holiday， I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents． I find a big change there． The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs， ducks， and another animals． Last winter when I went here again， they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken． They also had a small pond which they raised fish． My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish． I felt happily that their life had improved． At the end of our trip， I told my father that I planned to return for every two years， but he agreed．
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
19．（25.00分）假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Teny将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗．请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1． 到达时间；
2． 合适的礼物；
3． 餐桌礼仪．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
2018年全国统一高考英语试卷（新课标Ⅰ）
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分 听力（共两节）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上．录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上．第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话．每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项．听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来冋答有关小题和阅读下一小题． 每段对话仅读一遍．例：How much is the shirt？A.£19.15.B. £9.18. C £9.15.答案是C。
1．（1.50分）What will James do tomorrow？
A．Watch a TV program．
B． Give a talk．
C． Write a report．
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
2．（1.50分）What can we say about the woman？
A． She's generous．
B． She's curious．
C． She's helpful．
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
3．（1.50分）When does the train leave？
A．At 6：30．
B．At 8：30．
C．At 10：30．
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
4．（1.50分）How does the woman go to work？
A．By car．
B．On foot．
C．By bike．
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
5．（1.50分）What is the probable relationship between the speakers？
A．Classmates．
B． Teacher and student．
C． Doctor and patient．
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白．每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D三个选项中选出最佳选项．听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间．毎段对话或独白读两遍．
6．（3.00分）听第6段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）What does the woman regret？
A．Giving up her research．
B．Dropping out of college．
C．Changing her major．
（2）What is the woman interested in studying now？
A．Ecology．
B． Education．
C． Chemistry．
【分析】略
【解答】BA
【点评】略
7．（3.00分）听第7段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）What is the man？
A． A hotel manager．
B． A tour guide．
C． A taxi driver．
（2）What is the man doing for the woman？
A．Looking for some local foods．
B．Showing her around the seaside．
C．Offering information about a hotel．
【分析】略
【解答】BC
【点评】略
8．（4.50分）听第8段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）Where does the conversation probably take place？
A． In an office．
B． At home．
C． At a restaurant．
（2）What will the speakers do tomorrow evening？
A． Go to a concert．
B． Visit a friend．
C． Work extra hours．
（3）Who is Alice going to call？
A．Mike．
B．Joan．
C．Catherine．
【分析】略
【解答】CAB
【点评】略
9．（6.00分）听第9段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）Why does the woman meet the man？
A．To look at an apartment．
B．To deliver some furniture．
C．To have a meal together．
（2）What does the woman like about the carpet？
A． Its color．
B． Its design．
C． Its quality．
（3）What does the man say about the kitchen？
A． It's a good size．
B． It's newly painted．
C． It's adequately equipped．
（4）What will the woman probably do next？
A． Go downtown．
B． Talk with her friend．
C． Make payment．
【分析】略
【解答】AACB
【点评】略
10．（6.00分）听第10段材料，回答下列各题．
（1）Who is the speaker probably talking to？
A．Movie fans．
B．News reporters．
C．College students．
（2）When did the speaker take English classes？
A．Before he left his hometown．
B．After he came to America．
C．When he was 15 years old．
（3）How does the speaker feel about his teacher？
A． He's proud．
B． He's sympathetic．
C． He's grateful．
（4）What does the speaker mainly talk about？
A．How education shaped his life．
B．How his language skills improved．
C．How he managed his business well．
【分析】略
【解答】CBCA
【点评】略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节）第一节（满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.
11．（6.00分）
A
Washington， D．C． Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．
Duration：3 hours
This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world﹣famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington， D．C． Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom． Reserve your spot before availability ﹣ and the cherry blossoms ﹣ disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （4 miles）
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington， D．C． Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop． Guided tour includes bike， helmet，cookies and bottled water．
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．
Duration： 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon， this bike tour is the perfect tour for D．C． newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington， D．C． in a healthy way with minimum effort． Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress， memorials， and parks． Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route（路线） make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing．
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration： 3 hours （7 miles）
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington， D C． Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill and the National Mall． Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique facts and history． Tour includes bike， helmet， and bottled water． All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights．
（1）Which tour do you need to book in advance？ A
A．Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington，D．C．
B．Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour．
C．Capital City Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．
D．Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour．
（2）What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour？ D
A． Meet famous people．
B． Go to a national park．
C．Visit well﹣known museums．
D． Enjoy interesting stories．
（3）Which of the following does the bicycle tour at night provide？ D
A． City maps．
B． Cameras．
C． Meals．
D． Safety lights．
【分析】本文属于广告布告类阅读，文章介绍了华盛顿的四个骑行路线，具体介绍了他们从骑行时间，骑行路线及注意事项等信息．
【解答】ADD
1．A．细节理解题．在Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington， D．C．中Reserve your spot before availability ﹣ and the cherry blossoms disappear!可知樱花消失之前要提前预定自己的位置，故答案为A．
2．D．细节理解题．根据 Knowledgeable guides will entrtain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents，Congress， memorials， and parks可知知识渊博的导游会给你带来最有趣的关于总统、国会、纪念馆和公园的故事，由此判断答案为D．
3．D．细节理解题．根据All riders are equipped with reflective vests and safety lights可知所有骑手都配有反光背心和安全灯，由此判断答案为D．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
12．（8.00分）
B
Good Morning Britain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa every morning， but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role ﹣ showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget．
In Save Money： Good Food， she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste， while preparing recipes for under £5 per family a day． And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able to put a lot of what she's learnt into practice in her own home， preparing meals for sons， Sam， 14， Finn， 13， and Jack， 11．
"We love Mexican churros，so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexican takeaway restaurant，'' she explains， "I pay £5 for a portion（一份），but Matt makes them for 26p a portion， because they are flour， water， sugar and oil． Everybody can buy takeaway food， but sometimes we're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves．"
The eight﹣part series （系列节目）， Save Money： Good Food， follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money：Good Health， which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market．
With food our biggest weekly household expense． Susanna and Matt spend time with a different family each week． In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in need of some delicious inspiration on a budget． The team transforms the family's long weekend of celebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes．
（1）What do we know about Susanna Reid？ B
A．She enjoys embarrassing her guests．
B．She has started a new programme．
C．She dislikes working early in the morning．
D．She has had a tight budget for her family．
（2）How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna？ C
A． He buys cooking materials for her．
B． He prepares food for her kids．
C． He assists her in cooking matters．
D． He invites guest families for her．
（3）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 4？ C
A． Summarize the previous paragraphs．
B． Provide some advice for the readers．
C． Add some background information．
D． Introduce a new topic for discussion．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？ D
A． Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B． Balancing Our Daily Diet
C． Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D． Cooking Well for Less
【分析】本文介绍了由Susanna主持的一档新的节目Good Morning Britain，节目中她向观众展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，该节目可以让观众花最少的钱却仍可以品尝美食．
【解答】BCCD
1．B．推理判断题．根据第一段 but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role ﹣ showing families how to prepare delicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget可知她最近的角色就是烹饪﹣﹣向家庭展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，由此判断她开办了一个新的节目，故答案为B．
2．C．细节理解题．根据she visits a different home each week and with the help of chef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste可知Matt Tebbutt是在烹饪方面为Susanna提供帮助，故答案为C．
3．C．段落大意题．根据第四段The eight﹣part series （系列节目）， Save Money： Good Food， follows in the footsteps of ITV's Save Money． Good Health， which gave viewers advice on how to get value from the vast range of health products on the market可知本段介绍了Save Money的一些背景信息，故答案为C．
4．D．标题归纳题．本文介绍了由Susanna主持的一档新的节目Good Morning Britain，节目中她向观众展示如何在预算紧张的情况下准备美味的营养餐，该节目可以让观众花最少的钱却仍可以品尝美食，所以最佳标题是Cooking Well for Less，故答案为D．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
13．（8.00分）
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years， but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going． When the world was still populated by hunter﹣gatherers， small， tightly knit （联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other． Some language experts believe that 10，000 years ago， when the world had just five to ten million people， they spoke perhaps 12，000 languages between them．
Soon afterwards， many of those people started settling down to become farmers， and their languages too became more settled and fewer in number． In recent centuries， trade， industrialisation， the development of the nation﹣state and the spread of universal compulsory education， especially globalisation and better communications in the past few decades， all have caused many languages to disappear， and dominant languages such as English， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over．
At present， the world has about 6，800 languages． The distribution of these languages is hugely uneven． The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages， often spoken by many people， while hot， wet zones have lots， often spoken by small numbers． Europe has only around 200 languages； the Americas about 1，000； Africa 2，400； and Asia and the Pacific perhaps 3，200， of which Papua New Guinea alone accounts for well over 800． The median number （中位数）of speakers is a mere 6，000， which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that．
Already well over 400 of the total of 6，800 languages are close to extinction （消亡）， with only a few elderly speakers left． Pick， at random， Busuu in Cameroon （eight remaining speakers）， Chiapaneco in Mexico （150）， Lipan Apache in the United States （two or three） or Wadjigu in Australia （one， with a question﹣mark）： none of these seems to have much chance of survival．
（1）What can we infer about languages in hunter﹣gatherer times？ B
A． They developed very fast．
B． They were large in number．
C． They had similar patterns．
D． They were closely connected．
（2）Which of the following best explains "dominant" underlined in paragraph 2？ C
A．Complex．
B．Advanced．
C． Powerful．
D． Modern．
（3）How many languages are spoken by less than 6，000 people at present？ B
A． About 6，800．
B． About 3，400．
C． About 2，400．
D．About 1，200．
（4）What is the main idea of the text？ C
A． New languages will be created．
B． People's lifestyles are reflected in languages．
C． Human development results in fewer languages．
D． Geography determines language evolution．
【分析】本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快．
【解答】BCBC
1．B．推理判断题．根据第一段When the world was still populated by hunter﹣gatherers， small， tightly knit （联系）groups developed their own patterns of speech independent of each other可知在狩猎的时代，狩猎团队各自形成了自己的语言模式，这会导致大量不同的语言，语言种类的数量是巨大的，故答案为B．
2．C．词义猜测题．根据常识及and dominant languages such as English， Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over可知现在占据统治地位的语言有英语、西班牙语和汉语，可以猜测dominant意为"统治的，强大的"，故答案为C．
3．B．数字计算题．根据At present， the world has about 6，800 languages及The median number （中位数）of speakers is a mere 6，000， which means that half the world's languages are spoken by fewer people than that可知世界上的仅仅不到6000人却说的语言占到一半的世界语言，世界所有的语言大约有6800种，可知，6800*1/2=3400，故答案为B．
4．C．主旨大意题．本文是一篇科教类阅读，文章讲述的是语言已经千百年的历史，不断地出现和消失，但最近新出现的语言越来越少，而消失地越来越多，随着社会和工业化的发展，语言消失地越来越快，由此可以判断人类的发展导致了更少的语言，故答案为C．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
14．（8.00分）
D
We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new， but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （装置） well after they go out of style． That's bad news for the environment ﹣ and our wallets ﹣ as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things．
To figure out how much power these devices are using， Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life ﹣ from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device． This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s． Devices were grouped by generation． Desktop computers， basic mobile phones， and box﹣set TVs defined 1992． Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997． And MP3 players， smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002， before tablets and e﹣readers showed up in 2007．
As we accumulated more devices， however， we didn't throw out our old ones． "The living﹣room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room， and suddenly one day， you have a TV in every room of the house，" said one researcher． The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007． We're not just keeping these old devices﹣ we continue to use them． According to the analysis of Babbitt's team， old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window．
So what's the solution（解决方案）？The team's data only went up to 2007， but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function， such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing． They found that more on﹣demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%．
（1）What does the author think of new devices？ A
A． They are environment﹣friendly．
B． They are no better than the old．
C． They cost more to use at home．
D． They go out of style quickly．
（2）Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research？ D
A．To reduce the cost of minerals．
B．To test the life cycle of a product．
C．To update consumers on new technology．
D． To find out electricity consumption of the devices．
（3）Which of the following uses the least energy？ B
A． The box﹣set TV． B． The tablet．C． The LCD TV． D． The desktop computer．
（4）What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？ A
A． Stop using them．
B． Take them apart．
C． Upgrade them．
D． Recycle them．
【分析】本文讲述的是持续使用旧的电子产品既不环保也不经济，研究人员测试出如果弃置旧电器，换用新的多功能电子产品，将有近一半的节能节省，所以使用新的电子产品有利于环境．
【解答】ADBA
1． A． 细节理解题．根据文章第一段的两句话可知，第一句表明人们并不会迅速抛弃旧的电子产品，第二句 That's bad news for the environment ﹣ and our wallets ﹣ as these outdated devices suck up much more energy than their newer counterparts 说明持续使用旧的电子产品对环境而言是不利的，因为旧电子产品更耗能．因此，新电子产品应该是相对节能，即环保的．A项意为"他们是环保的"．B项意为"他们并不比旧电子产品好"．C项意为"家用时他们更耗电"．D项意为"他们很快过时"．故正确答案为A．
2． D． 细节理解题．根据文章第二段第一句话中的 To figure out how much power these devices are using 可知，实验的目的是测量这些电器的耗电量．A项意为"降低矿物成本"．B项意为"测试产品生命周期"．C项意为"使消费者了解新技术"．D项意为"测量这些电器的耗电量"．故正确答案为D．
3． B． 细节理解题．根据文章第四段最后一句话 They found that more on﹣demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44% 可知， tablets 比 TVs 和desktop computers 耗电量低，故 tablets 是最省电的．A项意为"机顶盒式电视机"．B项意为"平板电脑"．C项意为"液晶电视"．D项意为"台式电脑"．故正确答案为B．
4． A． 推理判断题．根据文章的第一段可知，作者认为持续使用旧的电子产品既不环保也不经济，中间段落在测试各代电子产品进一步证明首段的观点．尾段谈到解决方案，研究人员测试出如果弃置旧电器，换用新的多功能电子产品，将有近一半的节能节省，因此可以得出，作者支持用新产品替代旧产品．A项意为"停止使用它们"．B项意为"分解它们"．C项意为"升级它们"．D项意为"回收它们"．故正确答案为A．
【点评】做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案．推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据．
第二节（毎小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项.选项中有两项为多余选项。
15．（10.00分）Color is fundamental in home design﹣something you'll always have in every room． A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in． Do you want a room that's full of life？ Professional？ Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？ （1） B ， color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel．
Over the years， there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point．（2） A ，they can get a little complex． But good news is that there're really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home： the small ones， the medium ones， and the large ones．
（3） D ． They're the little spots of color like throw pillows， mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms． Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa， small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable．
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas， dinner tables or bookshelves． （4） G ． They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space．
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls， ceilings， and floors． Whether you're looking at wallpaper or paint， the time， effort and relative expense put into it are significant． （5） F ．
A．While all of them are useful
B．Whatever you're looking for
C．If you're experimentmg with a color
D．Small color choices are the ones we're most familiar with
E． It's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F． So it pays to be sure， because you want to get it right the first time
G． Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways
【分析】本文属于说明文讲述了颜色在家居设计方面的重要性，恰当的颜色可以让人感到家的温馨并感到放松．
【解答】BADGF
1． B．考查上下文推理能力．上文提到 "Do you want a room that's full of life？" 以及"Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day？" 下文提到"color is the key"，B项意为"无论你在寻找什么．"承接上文，并且引出下文，符文语境．故正确答案为B．
2． A．考查上下文推理能力．下文提到"they can get a little complex．" A项意为"尽管它们都有用．"引出下文，符合语境．故正确答案为A．
3． D．考查上下文推理能力．上文提到"the small ones； the medium ones； and the large ones．" D项意为"小色块选择是我们最熟悉的"，承接上文中出现的第一个 "the small ones"，符合语境．故正确答案为D．
4． G．考查上下文推理能力．下文提到"They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones， and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space．" G项意为"这方面的颜色选择是在小色块颜色选择上有两方面升级"，符合语境．故正确答案为G．
5． F．考查上下文推理能力．下文提到"The time， effort and relative expense put into it are significant．" F项意为"所以你这些事一定是有报答的，因为你从一开始就想让它在正常的轨道上．"符合语境．故正确答案为F．
【点评】七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子．解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子．
第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节）第一节（每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项.
16．（30.00分）During my second year at the city college， I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course， called Thinking Chess， for three credits．I （1） B the idea of taking the class because，after all，who doesn't want to （2） C a few dollars？ More than that，I'd always wanted to learn chess． And，even if I weren't （3） A enough about free credits，news about our （4） D was appealing enough to me． He was an international grandmaster， which （5） D I would be learning from one of the game's（6） C ． I could hardly wait to （7） B him．
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach， and this （8） D was no game for him；he meant business． In his introduction， he made it （9） C that our credits would be hard﹣earned． In order to（10） B the class， among other criteria， we had to write a paper on how we plan to（11） C what we would learn in class to our future professions and，（12） A ，to our lives． I managed to get an A in that （13） C and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the（14） B ．
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley， I'm still putting to use what he （15） A me： "The absolute most important （16） D that you learn when you play chess is how to make good （17） B ． On every single move you have to （18） A a situation，process what your opponent （对手）is doing and （19） D the best move from among all your options．" These words still ring true today in my （20） A as a journalist．
（1）A． put forward
B． jumped at
C． tried out
D． turned down
（2）A． waste
B． earn
C．save
D． pay
（3）A． excited
B． worried
C． moved
D． tired
（4）A． title
B． competitor
C． textbook
D． instructor
（5）A． urged
B． demanded
C． held
D． meant
（6）A． fastest
B． easiest
C． best
D． rarest
（7）A． interview
B． meet
C． challenge
D． beat
（8）A． chance
B． qualification
C．honor
D． job
（9）A． real
B．perfect
C． clear
D． possible
（10）A． attend
B． pass
C．skip
D．observe
（11）A． add
B．expose
C． apply
D． compare
（12）A． eventually
B． naturally
C． directly
D． normally
（13）A． game
B． presentation
C． course
D． experiment
（14）A． criterion
B． classroom
C． department
D． situation
（15）A． taught
B．wrote
C．questioned
D．promised
（16）A． fact
B．step
C．manner
D． skill
（17）A． grades
B． decisions
C． impressions
D． comments
（18）A． analyze
B． describe
C． rebuild
D． control
（19）A． announce
B． signal
C． block
D． evaluate
（20）A． role
B． desire
C． concern
D． behavior
【分析】本文是一篇人生感悟类阅读，作者通过自己大学期间选修国际象棋的经历，告诉我们人生如象棋，每一步都需要做好决定，这在做任何一件事中都是如此．
【解答】1﹣5BCADD 6﹣10CBDCB 11﹣15CACBA 16﹣20 DBADA
1．B．考查动词短语及语境理解．A． put forward提出； B． jumped at急于接受； C． tried out 试用；D． turned down拒绝；根据More than that，I'd always wanted to learn chess可知作者迫不及待地要去学习这门课程，因为自己一直想学习国际象棋，故答案为B．
2．C．考查动词及语境理解．A． waste浪费； B． earn赚得； C．save节约，拯救； D． pay支付；根据前文I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course可知这门课是免费的，作者认为谁不想节省几美元呢，故答案为C．
3．A．考查形容词及语境理解．A． excited激动的； B． worried担心的； C． moved激动的； D． tired疲惫的；根据下文was appealing enough to me可知尽管学分并不让作者足够激动，故答案为A．
4．D．考查名词及语境理解．A． title标题； B． competitor竞争者； C． textbook教科书； D． instructor指导者，教师；根据下文He was an international grandmaster可知这位国际大师级的教练足够吸引作者了，故答案为D．
5．D．考查动词及语境理解．A． urged催促； B． demanded要求； C． held举行； D． meant 意味着；根据 which （5）I would be learning from one of the game's可知这对于作者来说意味着可以从最擅长这个游戏的人之一那学到技能，故答案为D．
6．C．考查形容词及语境理解．A． fastest最快的； B． easiest最容易的； C． best最好的； D． rarest最稀有的；根据前文He was an international grandmaster可知这位教练是最好的教练之一，故答案为C．
7．B．考查动词及语境理解．A． interview采访，面试； B． meet遇见； C． challenge挑战； D． beat击败；根据前文news about our （4）was appealing enough to me可知作者迫不及待地要见到这位教练，故答案为B．
8．D．考查名词及语境理解．A． chance机会； B． qualification资格； C．honor荣誉； D． job工作；根据前文 a former graduate returning to teach可知这位教练是往届毕业生，又回校教授国际象棋，这对于他来说是份工作，故答案为D．
9．C．考查形容词及语境理解．A． real真正的； B．perfect完美的； C． clear清楚的； D． possible可能的；根据 In his introduction， he made it （9）that our credits would be hard﹣earned可知在介绍中，教练清楚地阐明了他的课程的学分将会很难取得，故答案为C．
10．B．考查动词及语境理解．A． attend参加； B． pass通过； C．skip跳过； D．observe观察；根据前文our credits would be hard﹣earned可知由于学分很难取得，此处是作者为了通过课程，故答案为B．
11．C．考查动词及语境理解．A． add增加； B．expose暴露； C． apply申请，运用； D． compare比较；根据we had to write a paper on how we plan to（11）what we would learn in class to our future professions 可知作者必须写一篇论文，说明打算如何把课堂上学到的东西应用到将来的职业中去，故答案为C．
12．A．考查副词及语境理解．A． eventually最后； B． naturally自然地； C． directly直接地； D． normally正常地；根据we had to write a paper on how we plan to（11）what we would learn in class to our future professions and，（12），to our lives可知作者必须写一篇论文，说明打算如何把课堂上学到的东西应用到将来的职业中去，并最终运用到生活中去，故答案为A．
13．C．考查名词及语境理解．A． game比赛，游戏； B． presentation展示； C． course课程； D． experiment实验；根据前文I was told that the education department was offering a "free" course可知作者在这门课程中获得了A，故答案为C．
14．B．考查名词及语境理解．A． criterion规范，标准； B． classroom教室； C． department部门； D． situation情形；根据前文learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the可知作者学到了在课堂之外为他服务的生活课程，故答案为B．
15．A．考查动词及语境理解．A． taught教； B．wrote写； C．questioned质问； D．promised允诺；根据前文Maurice Ashley was kind and smart， a former graduate returning to teach可知Maurice Ashley是作者的教练，此处应该是教给作者的知识，故答案为A．
16．D．考查名词及语境理解．A． fact事实； B．step脚步，步骤； C．manner行为； D． skill技能；根据The absolute most important （16）that you learn可知此处指的是作者学到的最重要的技能，故答案为D．
17．B．考查名词及语境理解．A． grades等级； B． decisions决定； C． impressions印象； D． comments评论；根据下文the best move from among all your options可知最重要的技能是如何作出决定，故答案为B．
18．A．考查动词及语境理解．A． analyze分析； B． describe描述； C． rebuild重建； D． control控制；根据常识及every single move you have to （18）a situation，process what your opponent （对手）is doing 可知下象棋的时候需要分析每一步棋，还要分析对手会怎么做，故答案为A．
19．D．考查动词及语境理解．A． announce宣告； B． signal发信号； C． block阻碍； D． evaluate评估；根据下文the best move from among all your options可知要评估哪一步是最好的一步棋，故答案为D．
20．A．考查名词及语境理解．A． role角色； B． desire欲望； C． concern关心； D． behavior 行为；根据These words still ring true today in my （20）as a journalist可知在我担任记者的角色的今天，这些话仍然是真实的，故答案为A．
【点评】近几年高考试题中的完形填空有新的变化，试题所涉及的知识面不断拓宽，综合难度不断提高．做完型填空首先要通读全文，了解大意．一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容．千万不要看一句，做一句．其次要逐句分析，前后一致．选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等．答案全填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确．
第二节（每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
17．（15.00分）According to a review of evidence in a medical journal， runners live three years （1） longer （long） than non﹣runners． You don't have to run fast or for long （2） to see （see） the benefit． You may drink， smoke， be overweight and still reduce your risk of （3） dying （die） early by running．
While running regularly can't make you live forever ，the review says it （4） is （be） more effective at lengthening life （5） than walking， cycling or swimming． Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014（6） that/which showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all（7） causes （cause）．
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do． But otherwise …it's probably running． To avoid knee pain， you can run on soft surfaces， do exercises to （8） strengthen （strength） your leg muscles （肌肉）， avoid hills and get good running shoes． Running is cheap， easy and it's always （9） energetic （energy）． If you are time poor， you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports， so perhaps we should all give （10） it/running a try．
【分析】本文讲述跑步的好处：根据医学杂志上的一项证据，跑步者比不跑步的人多活三年．每天只要跑5到10分钟，就能降低罹患心脏病和各种原因导致的早亡风险．跑步既便宜又容易，而且总是充满活力．
【解答】1． longer，考查比较级，后面有than，所以用比较级．
2． to see，考查不定式，作目的状语，所以用不定式．
3． dying，考查动名词，介词of后跟动名词作宾语．
4． is，考查主谓一致，主语为it，所以用第三人称单数谓语．
5． than，考查固定搭配，前面有比较级more effective，所以用than．
6． that/which，考查定语从句，先行词为study，在定语从句中作主语，所以用which或that引导．
7． causes，考查名词的数，cause"原因"，为可数名词，前面有all，所以用复数．
8． strengthen，考查动词，作目的状语，用不定式，前面有to，所以用动词原形．
9． energetic，考查形容词，作表语，所以用形容词．
10． it/running，考查名词或代词，指代前面提到的running，可以用running，作宾语，也可以用it．
【点评】本题主要考查了用单词或短语的适当形式填空．做本题的关键是在理解短文的基础上，灵活运用所学的基础知识．本题考到的知识点有：固定的短语，词类的转换，名词的复数形式，副词以及祈使句的用法等．因此，这就需要在平时的学习中，牢固掌握各语言点及一些语法知识．
第四部分 写作（共两节）第一节 短文改错（满分10分）
18．（10.00分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你的同桌写的以下作文，文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处．每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改．
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词．
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉．
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词．
注意：
1．毎处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2． 只允许修改10处．多者（从第11处起）不计分．
During my last winter holiday， I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents． I find a big change there． The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs， ducks， and another animals． Last winter when I went here again， they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken． They also had a small pond which they raised fish． My grandpa said last summer they earned quite a lot by sell the fish． I felt happily that their life had improved． At the end of our trip， I told my father that I planned to return for every two years， but he agreed．
【分析】本文讲述乡下祖父母家发生的变化，生活越来越好，我感到幸福，打算每一年回老家一次．
【解答】During my last winter holiday， I went to∧ countryside with my father to visit my grandparents． I find a big change there． The first time I went there， they were living in a small house with dogs， ducks， and another animals． Last winter when I went here again， they had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken． They also had a small pond ∧which they raised fish． My grandpa said last summer they ∧earned quite a lot by sell the fish． I felt happily that their life had improved． At the end of our trip， I told my father that I planned to return for every years， but he agreed．
1． to后面加the．考查冠词．名词countryside前边要加the，这里是特指乡下．
2． find改成found．考查时态．根据时间是去年寒假，所以用过去时．
3． another改成other．考查形容词．根据句意； 他们和狗，鸭子，以及其他的动物，another是形容词"其他的"．
4． here改成there．考查副词．祖父母在乡下，所以应该是去那里．
5． chicken改成chickens．考查名词的数．chicken作为"鸡"讲是可数名词．所以用复数形式．
6． 加in which或者where．考查定语从句，先行词为pond，在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用where或in which引导．
7．sell改成selling．考查动名词，介词by后跟动名词作宾语．
8． happily改成happy．考查形容词，作felt的表语，用形容词．9．去掉return后面的for，every two years每两年，为固定搭配，不加for
10． but改成and．考查连词，前后句子是并列关系，所以用and连接．
【点评】1先通读全文．认真阅读短文，在做题之前确保已经弄清原文大意．注意文章中上下文的逻辑关系是否正确，时态、人称、主谓、指代等是否一致．
2．聚焦出题热点、综合运用所学语言知识，分句（注意以句子为单位而不是以行为单位）对不同的错误情况进行分析和回答（即改词、加词或减词）．
3．再次通读全文，校对自己的改正是否正确．一般各种改错的方式都应该用到，如果出现了某一种改法（如加词、减词等）没有用到，要考虑自己的改错应该有问题，要对刚才不是很有把握的行进行推敲．在自己认为正确的行后划勾，并且校对其他行改正的符号是否准确，大小写是否拼写正确（这点同学们很容易忽视）．如果某一行有两种改错方式要推敲哪一种是最佳改法．
第二节 书面表达（满分25分）
19．（25.00分）假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Teny将去中国朋友家做客，发邮件向你询问有关习俗．请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1． 到达时间；
2． 合适的礼物；
3． 餐桌礼仪．
注意：
1．词数100左右；
2． 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．
Dear Teny，
How are you doing？ In your last letter， you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend's home． Now ， I am writing to infrom you of some relevant details．（点明书信目的）
To begin with， according to our tradition， you are supposed to arrive early， so that you can help the family prepare the dinner， which is not only meaningful but also interesting． 【高分句型一】Besides， you'd better bring some gifts， such as a book or a Chinese knot． What's more， when you are enjoying the meal， you need to avoid making noises while chewing food．（介绍做客应该注意的问题：到达时间；合适的礼物；餐桌礼仪．）
Hopefully， these suggestions would be helpful for you． I have the confidence that you will have a great time． 【高分句型二】Looking forward to your good news．（希望自己的建议对他有用）
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua．
【分析】这是李华给新西兰朋友Teny的一封信．根据题目要求可知用第一人称，时态以一般现在时态为主．
高分句型
1．To begin with， according to our tradition， you are supposed to arrive early， so that you can help the family prepare the dinner， which is not only meaningful but also interesting．
句子里so that引导目的状语从句 you can help the family prepare the dinner；which引导非限制性定语从句 is not only meaningful but also interesting．
首先，根据我们的传统，你应该早点到达，这样你就可以帮助家人准备晚餐，这不仅有意义，而且很有趣．
2． I have the confidence that you will have a great time． 句子里 解释名词 the confidence 的含义，that 引导同位语从句you will have a great time．
我相信你会玩得很开心．
【解答】Dear Teny，
How are you doing？ In your last letter， you asked me about being a guest to a Chinese friend's home． Now ， I am writing to infrom you of some relevant details．（点明书信目的）
To begin with， according to our tradition， you are supposed to arrive early， so that you can help the family prepare the dinner， which is not only meaningful but also interesting． 【高分句型一】Besides， you'd better bring some gifts， such as a book or a Chinese knot． What's more， when you are enjoying the meal， you need to avoid making noises while chewing food．（介绍做客应该注意的问题：到达时间； 合适的礼物； 餐桌礼仪．）
Hopefully， these suggestions would be helpful for you． I have the confidence that you will have a great time． 【高分句型二】Looking forward to your good news．（希望自己的建议对他有用）
Best wishes!
Yours，
Li Hua．
【点评】考查提纲类作文
书面表达是一个高度综合性的题目，旨在考查考生的英语基础，发扬个性、关注环境的设题理念仍将是未来几年高考书面表 达的基本思路． 试题设置均为半开放式，给考生一定提 示的同时，也给考生提供了更为宽广的思维 空间，使考生留有很大的自由发挥的余地， 这样更能全面和客观地考查考生的语言组织 和书面表达的能力．要写出一篇好的文章， 考生不仅要精炼地表达所给信息，更加重要 的是在自由发挥部分，要有自己独到的见解．